{"id":1288,"date":"2013-09-06T08:00:42","date_gmt":"2013-09-06T06:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/?p=1288"},"modified":"2014-02-05T18:27:15","modified_gmt":"2014-02-05T17:27:15","slug":"bezpecny-is-potrebuje-silnou-autentizaci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/bezpecny-is-potrebuje-silnou-autentizaci\/","title":{"rendered":"Bezpe\u010dn\u00fd informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m pot\u0159ebuje silnou autentizaci"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bezpe\u010dn\u00fd informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m pot\u0159ebuje silnou autentizaci<\/b><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Modern\u00ed spole\u010dnost je st\u00e1le v\u00edce z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech. Naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina finan\u010dn\u00edch transakc\u00ed dnes prob\u00edh\u00e1 elektronicky, do elektronick\u00e9 podoby se p\u0159esouv\u00e1 i komunikace s ve\u0159ejnou spr\u00e1vou. Fungov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161iny firem je zcela z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na jejich podnikov\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech. O slovo se hl\u00e1s\u00ed elektronick\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 dokumentace. M\u00e1me d\u016fvod se b\u00e1t?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

S\u00a0n\u00e1r\u016fstem hodnoty dat v\u00a0informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech roste i z\u00e1jem krimin\u00e1ln\u00edch struktur o jejich zneu\u017eit\u00ed. Na internetu si lze voln\u011b st\u00e1hnout n\u00e1stroje na l\u00e1m\u00e1n\u00ed ochrany hesel a pronik\u00e1n\u00ed do ciz\u00edch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, n\u011bkter\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed i placenou aktualizaci. Z\u00e1jemce o ciz\u00ed data se dnes nepot\u0159ebuje u\u010dit \u201ecrackersk\u00e9mu \u0159emeslu\u201c. Pro c\u00edlen\u00fd \u00fatok na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed objekt z\u00e1jmu si m\u016f\u017ee najmout r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u201especialisty\u201c, z\u00a0nich\u017e n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed nab\u00edzej\u00ed i ur\u010ditou formu SLA. <\/b><\/p>\n

Autentizace znamen\u00e1 ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed proklamovan\u00e9 identity. V\u00a0ka\u017edodenn\u00ed realit\u011b prokazujeme svou identitu ob\u010dansk\u00fdm \u010di jin\u00fdm pr\u016fkazem, nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0bance nebo na \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b. V\u00a0elektronick\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b je zat\u00edm nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem prokazov\u00e1n\u00ed identity jm\u00e9no a heslo. To ale nen\u00ed bez rizik. Na u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 hesla mohou \u010d\u00edhat \u0161pionsk\u00e9 programy – takzvan\u00e9 keyloggery, p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed okna na podvr\u017een\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch, phishingov\u00e9 \u00fatoky, metody soci\u00e1ln\u00edho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed hrozby.<\/p>\n

Pot\u0159eba zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed identity se t\u00fdk\u00e1 obecn\u011b v\u0161ech informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, zejm\u00e9na ale takov\u00fdch, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9 z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho internetu. Metody zabezpe\u010den\u00ed a mo\u017en\u00e1 rizika podcen\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti ze strany u\u017eivatel\u016f si uk\u00e1\u017eeme na prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je IT ve\u0159ejnosti dob\u0159e zn\u00e1mo \u2013 na Informa\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu datov\u00fdch schr\u00e1nek. Ten nab\u00edz\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b solidn\u00ed mo\u017enosti zabezpe\u010den\u00ed (osobn\u00edm certifik\u00e1tem, jednor\u00e1zov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem nebo SMS zpr\u00e1vou), u\u017eivatel\u00e9 v\u0161ak zabezpe\u010den\u00ed sv\u00fdch datov\u00fdch schr\u00e1nek p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159itom si z\u0159ejm\u011b neuv\u011bdomuj\u00ed, \u017ee schr\u00e1nka umo\u017e\u0148uje zpr\u00e1vy nejen p\u0159ij\u00edmat, ale tak\u00e9 \u010dinit pod\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016f\u010di org\u00e1n\u016fm ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk, kter\u00e9mu se poda\u0159\u00ed z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 heslo, by pak mohl opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele schr\u00e1nky snadno p\u0159iv\u00e9st a\u017e k\u00a0exekuci nebo do likvidace, nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud by jeho jm\u00e9nem a bez jeho v\u011bdom\u00ed jednal s\u00a0\u00fa\u0159ady.<\/p>\n

Vhodn\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed identity, zaru\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm vysokou \u00farove\u0148 bezpe\u010dnosti a u\u017eivatelsk\u00fd komfort, se v praxi uk\u00e1zala dvoufaktorov\u00e1 autentizace. Jednoduch\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je USB token nebo \u010dipov\u00e1 karta s certifik\u00e1tem. Opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd u\u017eivatel je jednak fyzick\u00fdm dr\u017eitelem tokenu a sou\u010dasn\u011b mus\u00ed zn\u00e1t jeho PIN k\u00f3d.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

USB token a jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed <\/b><\/p>\n

\n

V\u00fdhodou USB autentiza\u010dn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a> je jejich v\u00edce\u00fa\u010delovost. Token obsahuje kryptografick\u00fd procesor, kter\u00fd um\u00ed generovat priv\u00e1tn\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010de ke v\u0161em typ\u016fm certifik\u00e1t\u016f. Lze jej tedy vyu\u017e\u00edt jak k autentizaci, tak k \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo elektronick\u00e9mu podpisu. Nav\u00edc soukrom\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010de nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 z tokenu v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 podob\u011b vyexportovat \u2013 jsou generov\u00e1ny, ulo\u017eeny a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny pouze na tokenu. V\u00a0\u0161ifrovan\u00e9 pam\u011bti tokenu chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 PIN k\u00f3dem mohou b\u00fdt ulo\u017eeny nejen certifik\u00e1ty, ale i hesla do aplikac\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 \u00fadaje. Token tak p\u0159edstavuje dostupnou variantu osobn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identity.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edkladem pou\u017eit\u00ed USB tokenu v praxi je Bezpe\u010dn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d k datov\u00e9 schr\u00e1nce \u010cesk\u00e9 po\u0161ty. U\u017eivatel si p\u0159\u00edmo na \u010dipu tokenu vygeneruje soukrom\u00fd a ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d a u certifika\u010dn\u00ed autority vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 certifik\u00e1t. Ten pak zaregistruje k datov\u00e9 schr\u00e1nce (DS). Pro dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed pak zad\u00e1 p\u016fvodn\u00ed heslo k DS, zasune token s certifik\u00e1tem a po v\u00fdzv\u011b vlo\u017e\u00ed PIN. Tento zp\u016fsob p\u0159ihla\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed do DS zaji\u0161\u0165uje velmi vysokou \u00farove\u0148 bezpe\u010dnosti. U\u017eivatel se ale mus\u00ed starat o vyd\u00e1n\u00ed a pravidelnou obnovu certifik\u00e1tu, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje ur\u010dit\u00e9 provozn\u00ed n\u00e1klady.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

OTP token a jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed <\/b><\/p>\n

\n

OTP token (OTP je zkratka pro One Time Password) je mal\u00e9 elektronick\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 po stisknut\u00ed tla\u010d\u00edtka vygeneruje jednor\u00e1zov\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00fd bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed k\u00f3d. Bez n\u011bj nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed k informa\u010dn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd je chr\u00e1n\u011bn touto metodu p\u0159ihla\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pravd\u011bpodobnost n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho uhodnut\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho k\u00f3du p\u0159itom \u010din\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 : 1 000\u00a0000.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

I OTP token na\u0161el uplatn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i ochran\u011b datov\u00fdch schr\u00e1nek. Jeho v\u00fdhodou je velmi jednoduch\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhodou je nez\u00e1vislost na opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu stanice, ze kter\u00e9 u\u017eivatel do datov\u00e9 schr\u00e1nky p\u0159istupuje. Aktivaci OTP tokenu v Port\u00e1lu datov\u00fdch schr\u00e1nek zvl\u00e1dne u\u017eivatel b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut. P\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed pak prob\u00edh\u00e1 stejn\u011b jako p\u0159i autentizaci jm\u00e9nem a heslem, pouze je t\u0159eba nav\u00edc zadat \u0161estim\u00edstn\u00fd bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed k\u00f3d z\u00edskan\u00fd stisknut\u00edm tla\u010d\u00edtka.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Spr\u00e1va digit\u00e1ln\u00edch identit<\/b><\/p>\n

\n

D\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho autentiza\u010dn\u00edho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je spr\u00e1va u\u017eivatel\u016f a jejich digit\u00e1ln\u00edch identit. Produkty spole\u010dnosti SafeNet v tomto ohledu uspokoj\u00ed pot\u0159eby organizac\u00ed v\u0161ech velikost\u00ed. SafeNet Authentication Manager (SAM) zaji\u0161\u0165uje bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu v\u0161ech autentiza\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f a spln\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch politik. Samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed je integrace na adres\u00e1\u0159ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby a syst\u00e9my identity managementu jako nap\u0159. Active Directory, Novell eDirectory nebo OpenLDAP a spolupr\u00e1ce s certifika\u010dn\u00edmi autoritami. SAM tak\u00e9 um\u00ed elegantn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it zabezpe\u010den\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu z mobiln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (chytr\u00e9 telefony, tablety).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ing. Petr Slaba<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bezpe\u010dn\u00fd informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m pot\u0159ebuje silnou autentizaci   Modern\u00ed spole\u010dnost je st\u00e1le v\u00edce z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech. Naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina finan\u010dn\u00edch transakc\u00ed dnes prob\u00edh\u00e1 elektronicky, do elektronick\u00e9 podoby se p\u0159esouv\u00e1 i komunikace s ve\u0159ejnou spr\u00e1vou. Fungov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161iny firem je zcela z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na jejich podnikov\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech. O slovo se hl\u00e1s\u00ed elektronick\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 dokumentace. M\u00e1me d\u016fvod se b\u00e1t? […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1971,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[4],"tags":[74,29,50,22],"class_list":["post-1288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-itbezp","tag-autentizacia","tag-ine-zdroje","tag-ochrana-osobnych-udajov","tag-sukromie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/password_2.jpg?fit=700%2C400&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":887,"url":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/autentizace-v-cloudu\/","url_meta":{"origin":1288,"position":0},"title":"Autentizace v cloudu","author":"Redakcia","date":"4. augusta 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Pot\u0159eba zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f provozovan\u00fdch v prost\u0159ed\u00ed cloudu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 nov\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy, se kter\u00fdmi jsme se dosud setk\u00e1vali zejm\u00e9na v informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00fdch z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho internetu. Jak se pravideln\u011b do\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me ve sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch, na internetu se \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l t\u00edm v\u00edce krade identita. N\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady vy\u0161et\u0159ovala a n\u011bkter\u00e9 i \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b\u2026","rel":"","context":"V "Bezpe\u010dnos\u0165"","block_context":{"text":"Bezpe\u010dnos\u0165","link":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/category\/itbezp\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"cloud","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/cloud.jpg?fit=700%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/cloud.jpg?fit=700%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/cloud.jpg?fit=700%2C400&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/cloud.jpg?fit=700%2C400&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2511,"url":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/ako-na-bezpecny-android\/","url_meta":{"origin":1288,"position":1},"title":"Ako na bezpe\u010dn\u00fd Android?","author":"T.Paulus","date":"30. janu\u00e1ra 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Verte \u010di nie, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z\u00a0n\u00e1s nos\u00ed vo vrecku najlep\u0161ieho priate\u013ea sliedi\u010dov. 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V\u00a0dne\u0161nej dobe s\u00fa smartf\u00f3ny no\u010dnou morou ochrany citliv\u00fdch \u00fadajov \u013eud\u00ed od be\u017en\u00e9ho \u010dloveka a\u017e po horn\u00fdch\u2026","rel":"","context":"V "N\u00e1vody"","block_context":{"text":"N\u00e1vody","link":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/category\/navody\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/android-logo.jpg?fit=700%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/android-logo.jpg?fit=700%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/android-logo.jpg?fit=700%2C400&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/android-logo.jpg?fit=700%2C400&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":389,"url":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/referencie\/","url_meta":{"origin":1288,"position":2},"title":"Referencie","author":"Redakcia","date":"23. j\u00fala 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"\"Vysok\u00e1 odbornos\u0165, zanietenie \u017eiakov v n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch diskusi\u00e1ch k jednotliv\u00fdm t\u00e9mam a rad nadv\u00e4zuj\u00facich aktiv\u00edt k danej problematike, ako aj pokra\u010duj\u00faca spolupr\u00e1ca jasne pouk\u00e1zali spr\u00e1vnos\u0165 rozhodnutia vedenia \u0161koly opakovane pozva\u0165 predn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00faceho na p\u00f4du na\u0161ej \u0161koly. 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Ko\u017eu\u0161n\u00edk","date":"1. augusta 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Jak\u00fd v\u00fdznam m\u00e1 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat z mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f? V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b jsou v mobiln\u00edch telefonech \u010dasto um\u00edst\u011bna ta nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data o jejich u\u017eivatel\u00edch. 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