{"id":4512,"date":"2021-09-21T09:15:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-21T07:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/?p=4512"},"modified":"2021-09-27T07:17:03","modified_gmt":"2021-09-27T05:17:03","slug":"preco-je-tema-ochrany-pocitaca-pocitaca-sucastou-ucebnice-informacnej-bezpecnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/preco-je-tema-ochrany-pocitaca-pocitaca-sucastou-ucebnice-informacnej-bezpecnosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Pre\u010do je t\u00e9ma ochrany po\u010d\u00edta\u010da s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou u\u010debnice informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Do pr\u00e1c na u\u010debnici \u201eU\u010debnica informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti pre stredn\u00e9 \u0161koly a\u00a0gymn\u00e1zi\u00e1, prv\u00e1 \u010das\u0165<\/a><\/em>\u201c som nast\u00fapil po debate s inici\u00e1torom projektu Marekom Zemanom, ako do rozbehnut\u00e9ho vlaku. Idea ma\u0165 u\u010debnicu, ktor\u00e1 kombinuje teoretick\u00e9 aj praktick\u00e9 oblasti informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti bola pr\u00ed\u0165a\u017eliv\u00e1 a som ve\u013emi r\u00e1d, \u017ee v u\u010debnici sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa \u010dasti venovan\u00e9 ochrane po\u010d\u00edta\u010da a ochrane mobiln\u00e9ho telef\u00f3nu. Cie\u013eom t\u00fdchto kapitol je zrozumite\u013en\u00fdm jazykom pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 z\u00e1klady bezpe\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee aplikova\u0165 ktoko\u013evek, a to aj v dom\u00e1com prostred\u00ed. Po\u010fme sa spolu bli\u017e\u0161ie pozrie\u0165 na kapitolu Ochrana po\u010d\u00edta\u010da<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Kapitola Ochrana po\u010d\u00edta\u010da<\/em> je pop\u00edsan\u00e1 \u201cod podlahy\u201d, t.j. od hardv\u00e9ru a \u00fatokov na hardv\u00e9r. T\u00e1to \u010das\u0165 je v\u0161ak sk\u00f4r \u0161pecialitkou, s ktorou sa bud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 \u0161tudenti stretn\u00fa\u0165 vo svojom \u010fal\u0161om p\u00f4soben\u00ed napr. pri ochrane fyzicky izolovan\u00fdch (air-gapped) zariaden\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hlavn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 ochrany po\u010d\u00edta\u010da je preto zameran\u00e1 na obvykl\u00fdch podozriv\u00fdch, t.j. \u0161kodliv\u00fd softv\u00e9r, (ch\u00fdbaj\u00face) z\u00e1platy, web\/webov\u00fd prehliada\u010d a email. D\u00f4vodom je, \u017ee drviv\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u00fatokov je realizovan\u00e1 prostredn\u00edctvom viacer\u00fdch z t\u00fdchto \u201cobvykl\u00fdch podozriv\u00fdch\u201d. Napr. pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e dostane phishingov\u00fd email a klikne na odkaz v \u0148om. Odkaz smeruje smeruje na webov\u00fa str\u00e1nku, ktor\u00e1 vyu\u017eit\u00edm zranite\u013enosti prehliada\u010da (ch\u00fdbaj\u00face z\u00e1platy!) nain\u0161taluje do po\u010d\u00edta\u010da \u0161kodliv\u00fd softv\u00e9r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preto v kapitole najsk\u00f4r prevedieme \u010ditate\u013ea z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm rozdelen\u00edm \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru a sp\u00f4sobmi jeho detekcie. Na detekcii \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru si uk\u00e1\u017eeme, pre\u010do v informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti nie je 100%-n\u00e1 istota spr\u00e1vneho ur\u010denia \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru. N\u00e1sledne sa venujeme zranite\u013enostiam a vz\u0165ahu medzi zranite\u013enos\u0165ou a z\u00e1platou, pri\u010dom jednou z \u00faloh je preverenie, \u017ee \u010ditate\u013e m\u00e1 plne zapl\u00e1tan\u00fd opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Op\u00e4\u0165 vec, ktor\u00fa vie vyu\u017ei\u0165 aj v dom\u00e1com prostred\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00datoky a podvodn\u00e9 odkazy nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 vysvetli\u0165 bez z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho pochopenia syst\u00e9mu dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch mien a toho, ako je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017ei\u0165 dom\u00e9ny tak, aby vhodne predstierali pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 k nejakej in\u0161tit\u00facii (napr. moja.bamka.sk \ud83d\ude42 ). N\u00e1sledne sa posunieme na vy\u0161\u0161ie vrstvy sie\u0165ov\u00e9ho modelu a vysvetl\u00edme fungovanie \u0161ifrovania, podpisovania a \u00falohu certifik\u00e1tov verejn\u00e9ho k\u013e\u00fa\u010da. V\u0161etko op\u00e4\u0165 aj s praktick\u00fdmi pr\u00edkladmi, ako to vyzer\u00e1, ke\u010f veci funguj\u00fa aj, ke\u010f sa veci pokazia. Na z\u00e1ver si povieme nie\u010do o \u0161kodlivom alebo nevhodnom obsahu webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slu\u017eba email je rovnako pop\u00edsan\u00e1 od transportnej vrstvy a \u00fatokov na \u0148u, aby bolo jasn\u00e9, ak\u00e9 jednoduch\u00e9 je vytvori\u0165 emailov\u00fa spr\u00e1vu v mene kohoko\u013evek. N\u00e1sledne sa pozrieme na spam, hoaxy a phishingov\u00e9 emaily. Na praktick\u00fdch pr\u00edkladoch su uk\u00e1\u017eeme typick\u00e9 znaky t\u00fdchto emailov tak, aby ich vedeli \u010ditatelia rozpozn\u00e1va\u0165 v bud\u00facnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u010debnica prech\u00e1dza jemne nad r\u00e1mec informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti do sf\u00e9ry ochrany s\u00fakromia aj s uveden\u00edm pr\u00edkladov monetiz\u00e1cie s\u00fakromia na internetov\u00fa reklamu. Pop\u00ed\u0161eme preto techniky sledovania pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov a ak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom chr\u00e1ni\u0165 s\u00fakromie na webe \u2013 vhodn\u00fdm spr\u00e1van\u00edm a napr. vhodn\u00fdmi doplnkami prehliada\u010da. V \u010dase, kedy nielen mlad\u00ed \u013eudia nemaj\u00fa probl\u00e9m zverejni\u0165 o sebe najint\u00edmnej\u0161ie detaily na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach je t\u00e9ma s\u00fakromia na internete viac ne\u017e aktu\u00e1lna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cie\u013eom u\u010debnice bolo poskytn\u00fa\u0165 nie len teoretick\u00fd z\u00e1klad, ale aj praktick\u00e9 vedomosti, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee  aplikova\u0165 ktoko\u013evek v be\u017enom \u017eivote. Ver\u00edm preto, \u017ee zaujme nielen \u0161tudentov, ale aj ich rodi\u010dov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u010debnica je k dispoz\u00edcii cez OZ Preventista. Info o dostupnosti a form\u00e1ch ditrib\u00facie do slovensk\u00fdch \u0161k\u00f4l z\u00edskate na adrese info@preventista.sk<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do pr\u00e1c na u\u010debnici \u201eU\u010debnica informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti pre stredn\u00e9 \u0161koly a\u00a0gymn\u00e1zi\u00e1, prv\u00e1 \u010das\u0165\u201c som nast\u00fapil po debate s inici\u00e1torom projektu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":4499,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[32,21,129],"class_list":["post-4512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-itbezp","tag-bezpecnost","tag-ochrana","tag-phishing"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t