{"id":5303,"date":"2023-09-07T19:10:52","date_gmt":"2023-09-07T17:10:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/?p=5303"},"modified":"2023-09-07T19:16:47","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T17:16:47","slug":"financna-gramotnost-a-informacna-bezpecnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/financna-gramotnost-a-informacna-bezpecnost\/","title":{"rendered":"Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165 a informa\u010dn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165. Praktick\u00fd \u017eivot uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed napriek tomu, \u017ee financie vyu\u017e\u00edva pre svoj be\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot, vyu\u017e\u00edva denne r\u00f4zne finan\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, m\u00e1 \u00faspory na svojich \u00fa\u010dtoch v&nbsp;bank\u00e1ch, nedok\u00e1\u017ee so svojimi finan\u010dn\u00fdmi prostriedkami nar\u00e1ba\u0165 efekt\u00edvne a \u00fa\u010dinne. Preto sa ot\u00e1zka finan\u010dnej gramotnosti st\u00e1va \u00faplne prirodzenou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou diskusi\u00ed o nutnosti vzdel\u00e1vania pri nar\u00e1ban\u00ed s financiami aj v r\u00e1mci \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokia\u013e m\u00e1 by\u0165 modern\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie mlad\u00e9ho \u010dloveka postaven\u00e9 na my\u0161lienke pr\u00edpravy na r\u00f4zne \u017eivotn\u00e9 situ\u00e1cie, v ktor\u00fdch m\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 finan\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, mus\u00edme ho prirodzene nau\u010di\u0165, ak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 tieto n\u00e1stroje rozumne, efekt\u00edvne a&nbsp;vo svoj prospech.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e1rodn\u00fd \u0161tandard <a href=\"https:\/\/www.minedu.sk\/data\/att\/11358.pdf\">finan\u010dnej gramotnosti<\/a> definuje \u0161es\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed vzdel\u00e1vania v&nbsp;oblasti finan\u010dnej gramotnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\">\n<li>Finan\u010dn\u00e1 zodpovednos\u0165 spotrebite\u013eov<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pl\u00e1novanie, pr\u00edjem a&nbsp;pr\u00e1ca<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rozhodovanie a hospod\u00e1renie spotrebite\u013eov<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00daver a&nbsp;dlh<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sporenie a&nbsp;investovanie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Riadenie rizika a poistenie<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161imnime si, \u017ee aj napriek tomu, \u017ee sa stret\u00e1vame s&nbsp;mnoh\u00fdmi \u00fatokmi smeruj\u00facimi na in\u0161tit\u00facie poskytuj\u00face finan\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje ako aj r\u00f4znymi \u00fatokmi vo\u010di jednotlivcom a&nbsp;podobne, \u0161tandard tematicky nepokr\u00fdva prepojenie finan\u010dnej gramotnosti a&nbsp;informa\u010dnej \u010di kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti. Na dennej b\u00e1ze sa stret\u00e1vame nielen s&nbsp;podvodn\u00fdmi e-mailov\u00fdmi spr\u00e1vami, v&nbsp;ktor\u00fdch sa \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk pretvaruje za r\u00f4zne banky, no be\u017en\u00ed \u013eudia o&nbsp;t\u00fdchto praktik\u00e1ch mnohokr\u00e1t nemaj\u00fa vedomos\u0165, a&nbsp;teda nevedia ako v&nbsp;tak\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch reagova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pozrime sa na problematiku zvy\u0161ovania kompetenci\u00ed pri vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov z&nbsp;trochu in\u00e9ho uhla \u2013 a&nbsp;to z&nbsp;h\u013eadiska rizikovosti. Rizikovos\u0165 predstavuje pr\u00e1ve dynamicky narastaj\u00face mno\u017estvo pokusov o&nbsp;podvody v&nbsp;re\u00e1lnom i&nbsp;digit\u00e1lnom svete. Zjednodu\u0161ene by bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 poveda\u0165, \u017ee nau\u010di\u0165 kohoko\u013evek efekt\u00edvne vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 svoje finan\u010dn\u00e9 prostriedky, pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 n\u00e1stroje bankov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb, spori\u0165, investova\u0165, a&nbsp;pritom ho nenau\u010di\u0165 odolnosti vo\u010di r\u00f4znym manipulat\u00edvnym \u00fatokom znamen\u00e1 vystavi\u0165 ho zna\u010dn\u00e9mu riziku. Riziku, \u017ee sa \u013eahko stane obe\u0165ou \u00fatoku, ktor\u00fd nedok\u00e1\u017ee identifikova\u0165 \u010di vyhodnoti\u0165, a&nbsp;teda nedok\u00e1\u017ee na neho patri\u010dne reagova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je nutn\u00e9 si uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee cie\u013eom \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov s\u00fa preva\u017ene pr\u00e1ve finan\u010dn\u00e9 prostriedky vo vlastn\u00edctve potenci\u00e1lnej obete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ako pr\u00edklad je mo\u017en\u00e9 uvies\u0165 zauj\u00edmav\u00fa \u0161tatistiku <em>Feder\u00e1lnej obchodnej komisie USA<\/em>, ktor\u00e1 pravidelne odhaduje \u0161kody sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 seniorom na \u00fazem\u00ed USA podvodom nazvan\u00fdm Romantic SCAM<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2019: 84 mili\u00f3nov USD<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2020: 307 mili\u00f3nov USD<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2021: 547 mili\u00f3nov USD (medziro\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1rast +80%)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Romantic SCAM<\/strong><br>manipulat\u00edvny podvod postaven\u00fd na manipul\u00e1ci\u00ed potenci\u00e1lnej obete zo strany \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka, kedy sa \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk sna\u017e\u00ed z\u00edska\u0165 d\u00f4veru obete romantick\u00fdm pr\u00edbehom postavenom na fikt\u00edvnej osobe (\u010dasto sympatick\u00fd d\u00f4stojn\u00edk n\u00e1mornej pechoty) s&nbsp;prosbou o&nbsp;finan\u010dn\u00fa pomoc<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na t\u00e9my manipulat\u00edvnych podvodov vo v\u0161eobecnosti netreba zab\u00fada\u0165, pri\u010dom jednotliv\u00fdm form\u00e1m podvodov sme sa im venovali v&nbsp;rade \u010dl\u00e1nkov, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 n\u00e1pomocn\u00e9 pri pr\u00edprave obsahu vzdel\u00e1vania:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/na-obchodnych-portaloch-ako-bazos-sk-a-vinted-sk-vycinaju-podvodnici\/\">Na obchodn\u00fdch port\u00e1loch ako Bazo\u0161.sk a Vinted.sk vy\u010d\u00ed\u0148aj\u00fa podvodn\u00edci | Preventista.sk<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/vojakov-na-socialnych-sietach-zaujima-vasa-penazenka-nie-vy\/\">\u201eVojakov\u201c na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach zauj\u00edma Va\u0161a pe\u0148a\u017eenka, nie Vy | Preventista.sk<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/trestny-cin-a-policia-ako-motiv-manipulatorov\/\">Trestn\u00fd \u010din a pol\u00edcia ako mot\u00edv manipul\u00e1torov | Preventista.sk<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/manipulativne-podvody\/\">Manipulat\u00edvne podvody | Preventista.sk<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rovnako je k&nbsp;problematike online podvodov na web str\u00e1nke n\u00e1\u0161ho OZ dostupn\u00fd rad diskusi\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/diskusia-o-phishingu-a-podvodoch-vseobecne\/\">Diskusia o phishingu a podvodoch v\u0161eobecne | Preventista.sk<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/phishing-ransomware-povedomie\/\">Phishing, ransomware, povedomie | Preventista.sk<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Denne narastaj\u00faci po\u010det \u00fatokov postaven\u00fdch na b\u00e1ze tzv. soci\u00e1lno-manipulat\u00edvnych techn\u00edk, pri ktor\u00fdch doch\u00e1dza k&nbsp;zna\u010dn\u00fdm finan\u010dn\u00fdm strat\u00e1m obet\u00ed (firiem, organiz\u00e1ci\u00ed, ale \u017eia\u013e aj jednotlivcov) je dostato\u010dn\u00fdm d\u00f4vodom uva\u017eova\u0165 nad t\u00fdm, ak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom spoji\u0165 ot\u00e1zky rozvoja finan\u010dnej gramotnosti s problematikou zvy\u0161ovania bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho povedomia \u2013 najm\u00e4 odolnosti vo\u010di manipulat\u00edvnym \u00fatokom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zauj\u00edmav\u00fdm zdrojom pre doplnenie problematiky bezpe\u010dnosti do t\u00e9m finan\u010dnej gramotnosti m\u00f4\u017ee poskytn\u00fa\u0165 okrem vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00fdch zdrojov aj <strong>U\u010debnica informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti pre stredn\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 \u0161koly a&nbsp;gymn\u00e1zia, 1. a&nbsp;2. \u010das\u0165<\/strong>. V&nbsp;oboch u\u010debniciach a&nbsp;im prin\u00e1le\u017eiacich metodick\u00fdch pr\u00edru\u010dk\u00e1ch autori do\u0161iroka spracovali problematiku manipulat\u00edvnych techn\u00edk, soci\u00e1lneho in\u017einierstva a \u00fatokov postaven\u00fdch na t\u00fdchto technik\u00e1ch. Na obr\u00e1zkoch ni\u017e\u0161ie m\u00f4\u017eeme vidie\u0165 ak\u00fdm konkr\u00e9tnym t\u00e9mam sa autori v&nbsp;oboch \u010dastiach u\u010debnice venovali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" src=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-700x393.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-700x393.png 700w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-450x252.png 450w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-320x179.png 320w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image.png 945w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Obr\u00e1zok 1: U\u010debnica informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti pre stredn\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 \u0161koly a&nbsp;gymn\u00e1zi\u00e1, \u010das\u0165 prv\u00e1<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-1-700x468.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5306\" srcset=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-1-700x468.png 700w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-1-450x301.png 450w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-1-320x214.png 320w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-1-768x514.png 768w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-1.png 945w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Obr\u00e1zok 2: U\u010debnica informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti pre stredn\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 \u0161koly a&nbsp;gymn\u00e1zi\u00e1, \u010das\u0165 druh\u00e1<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V bl\u00edzkej dobe n\u00e1s \u010dak\u00e1 vydanie poslednej a to tretej \u010dasti, kde autori rozoberaj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie t\u00e9my bezpe\u010dnosti ako napr\u00edklad cloudov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, riadenie rizika a&nbsp;rovnako ako v&nbsp;predo\u0161l\u00fdch dieloch problematiku podvodov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cie\u013eom \u010dl\u00e1nku bolo vyvola\u0165 diskusie na \u0161kol\u00e1ch ako s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd proces zav\u00e1dzania t\u00e9m finan\u010dnej gramotnosti do vyu\u010dovacieho procesu roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 o&nbsp;tak z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 t\u00e9my ako je odolnos\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov vo\u010di manipulat\u00edvnym \u00fatokom. &nbsp;Predpoklad \u010fal\u0161ieho v\u00fdvoja podvodn\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt nie je pote\u0161uj\u00faci a&nbsp;tak prevencia a&nbsp;eduk\u00e1cia bud\u00fa st\u00e1le tou naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ou formou boja proti podvodn\u00edkom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/podpis-1024x752.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1031\" style=\"width:228px;height:168px\" width=\"228\" height=\"168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/podpis-1024x752.png 1024w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/podpis-150x110.png 150w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/podpis-300x220.png 300w, https:\/\/preventista.sk\/info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/podpis.png 1170w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 228px) 100vw, 228px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165. Praktick\u00fd \u017eivot uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed napriek tomu, \u017ee financie vyu\u017e\u00edva pre svoj be\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot, vyu\u017e\u00edva denne r\u00f4zne [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5311,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[155,138],"class_list":["post-5303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-itbezp","tag-financna-gramotnost","tag-podvody"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165. Praktick\u00fd \u017eivot uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed napriek tomu, \u017ee financie vyu\u017e\u00edva pre svoj be\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot, vyu\u017e\u00edva denne r\u00f4zne finan\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, m\u00e1 \u00faspory na svojich \u00fa\u010dtoch v bank\u00e1ch, nedok\u00e1\u017ee so svojimi finan\u010dn\u00fdmi prostriedkami nar\u00e1ba\u0165 efekt\u00edvne a \u00fa\u010dinne. Preto sa ot\u00e1zka finan\u010dnej gramotnosti st\u00e1va \u00faplne prirodzenou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou diskusi\u00ed o nutnosti vzdel\u00e1vania pri nar\u00e1ban\u00ed s financiami aj\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"J. 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